The Roman Empire - 2182 Words

When Rome was founded in 753 BC it was constructed as a representative republic in which the governing body consisted of the Senate, the assemblies and two consuls. This system was suitable as the city was â€Å"a sanctuary of refuge for all fugitives, which they called the temple of the god Asylaeus, where they received and protected all, delivering none back, neither the servant to his master, the debtor to his creditor, nor the murderer into the hands of the magistrate, saying it was a privileged place (Plutarch’s Romulus).† Allowing representation to the people who were the outcasts in other societies created fierce loyalty. As the size of the Roman Empire increased around much of the Mediterranean Sea the difficulty of governing such an expansive amount of land became clear and the switch from the Republic to the Principate, in which one ruler led the people, aided in its ultimate decline. Leadership was constantly changing in the first century BC and caused incons istencies in direction and many forms of political corruption. Looking specifically at the reforms of Sulla, Caesar, and Augusts it will become evident that over expansion, military reforms, consolidation of power and corruption created by these administrators ultimately led to the dissolution of the Roman Republic. When Lucius Cornelius Sulla became dictator in 82 BC he was assigned to bring order back to the state and formulate laws that would aid in doing so. He was remembered as a violent and unforgiving manShow MoreRelatedThe Roman And Roman Empire1068 Words   |  5 PagesThe Roman Empire, which was centered in the city of Rome, was the most extensive western civilization of ancient times. With its major advancements and prosperity it is hard to believe that the Roman Empire suddenly collapsed and fell into a time known as the Dark Ages. After a period of struggles for the Roman Empire, the empire gradually fell. Rome was the most successful civilization of its time. Its strategic location in the center of the Italian Peninsula and the fertile plains that supportedRead MoreThe Roman Of Roman Empire Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pages The Roman scutum was a large body shield used in battles, sieges, and gladiator fights. The scutum was used from the early Roman Republic until the third century CE and helped to define many of the Roman battle tactics that made them so successful. The curved, semi-cylindrical design provided full-body protection and was especially used in the testudo formation during sieges. The Roman Scutum is a perfect example of the military genius of the Roman Legion. The Roman Empire was created from theRead MoreThe Roman Empire1469 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Roman Empire. The Roman way of life and â€Å"Pax Romana† set up a standard of what defined civilization great. However, what was it that made the Roman life great? Was it the rules, the system of government, the virtues of the people? I believe what made the Romans so mighty was a blessing from God due to the outpouring revival of their hearts. However, to fully understand how their hearts were revived for Christ and how God had His hand on them we must take a look at the past of the Romans AfterRead MoreRoman Empire871 Words   |  4 PagesThe Roman Empire is known as one of the greatest empires of all time, blossoming politically, economically, and culturally. Rome was quickly expanding, reaching as far as North Africa. When Octavian came into power, the Pax Romana, or â€Å"Roman Peace,† began. However, this long peace may have triggered the beginning of the end of the Roman Empire. Because Rome was not distracted by conquering foreign lands, its citizens relaxed and lived in luxury. 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After killing his brother for crossing his wall, Romulus went on to become the first king of Rome, which was named for him. Later when the men of Rome wanted noble women to be the mothers of their children, they conceived of a plan that included deceiving the Sabin’s and kidnappingRead MoreThe Roman Empire1551 Words   |  7 PagesStep 1: Plan What kind of technology in the Roman Empire affect its growth the most? I will be investigating from the start of the Roman Empire in 753 BCE to when the Western Roman Empire fell in 476 CE. This investigation will have a broad scope while investigating and include things from the Roman Legion to aqueducts and concrete. This investigation will not include technology that was not widely used to better the Roman Empire. The research question will answer my question by conducting researchRead MoreThe Roman Empire912 Words   |  4 PagesPaper B To many people, the mention of the Roman Empire invokes thoughts of gladiators, debauchery, and the abuse of power. To others, it brings visualizations of classic statues, beautiful temples, and mythological gods. The Roman Empire was all of that and more. The saying, â€Å"Rome wasn’t built in a day† is true and its fall and decline happened gradually as well. Ancient Rome has inspired volumes of historical works, theatrical plays, and even movies in more recent times. More specifically,Read MoreThe Roman Empire903 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the greatest empires in history is the Roman Empire, but ironically what makes it one of the greatest is also what lead it to start falling apart. In other words, many different factors lead Rome to its success and prosperity, but these factors also are the ones that initialize the ruin of the republic. Different authors such as Polybius, Cicero, Sallust and Plutarch describe several of these factors that lead the Roman Empir e to its glory and failure. Polybius relates Rome’s success to itsRead MoreThe Roman Empire Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesTwo thousand years ago, in the land surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, the Roman Empire stood strong. Grand cities filled with magnificent buildings and riches of every kind. Rich emperors lived in palaces and beggars lived on the street. The city streets of the Roman Empire were filled with crowds of people making their way to work, school, or play. â€Å"Before it gets light, we have the bakers. Then it’s the hammering of the artisans all day. There’s no peace or quiet in this city!† The overpopulated

Hotel and Apex Chandigarh free essay sample

The project report is based on my working (as a intern) in Front office, Housekeeping and cover all the aspects of front office and housekeeping and their functioning. [pic] Welcome to THE APEX CHANDIGARH (Company profile) THE APEX CHANDIGARH is Spanish for ‘beautiful view’. The glowing icon of elegant CHANDIGARH offers a tranquil yet suave stay for those who yearn for it. Cosseted by the stunning Shivaliks, the couture hotel upholds her name that gets word by word translated as â€Å"beautiful view†. Indulge in the charms of impeccable luxury offered by the most benevolent host in CHANDIGARH . At, get ready to be carried away by the gambol of opulence attributed by restful hues, rich silks, swaged velvets, ornate drapery and cozy beds. The APEX is the best-located luxury hotel in the city of CHANDIGARH with 49 rooms with extensive food and beverages/ banqueting and conference facilities. [pic] Location Advantage: The APEX GRAND is the best-located luxury hotel in the city of CHANDIGARH . Check in as a leisure tourist or as a business traveler at the hotel, either ways you have only advantages. Located at just a stone’s throw away from the city’s railway terminus, the boutique hotel is a great advantage to those who choose to fly in to the metropolis. Call GRAND as a CHANDIGARH Highway hotel because it is conveniently located at the convergence of plap- CHANDIGARH highway in the heart of CHANDIGARH city centre. [pic] Organizational Hierarchy [pic] [pic] GUEST ROOMS: THE APEX CHANDIGARH is the best-located luxury hotel in the city of CHANDIGARH with 49 rooms including Deluxe 29, Premium 7, Pool side premium 6, Pool /Jacuzzi suite 4, Presidential suite 2. 1) DELUXE ROOMS: [pic] Accommodation in CHANDIGARH attains superlative standards with THE APEX CHANDIGARH . The enticing features that constitute the warmth and dedication of THE APEX CHANDIGARH give it an unbeatable address among CHANDIGARH Hotels. The search for a stay with the charming boutique hotel located in the heart of CHANDIGARH city starts with the deluxe room. The deluxe rooms adroitly balance award-winning designs with the distinctive touch of Mother Nature to result in a hearty relation between the host and guest. Out of the 29 deluxe rooms, 8 offer twin beds while the rest 22 come with double beds. Each air conditioned rooms feature style and convenience which are ensured by people who take care of even the tiniest of your needs. A comfortable room with pleasant surroundings: this is what has made the deluxe a favorite among our elite guests. Each of the 27 square meters rooms showcases king size / twin sharing beds, LCD TV (32† / 42†), Mini bar, internet access, tea / coffee maker, electronic safe and shower cubicle / bathtub endowing you with the best provisos of an elegant stay. [pic] 2) PREMIUM WITH BALCONY /TERRACE: [pic] When you are with THE APEX CHANDIGARH , you do not stay in a premium room, you experience it! Each of the 8 rooms is comfortable, elegantly designed, air-conditioned with extras such as flat screen TV, luxurious linen, gleaming bathrooms that can offer you invigorating rain showers, fluffy towels and mirrors. Open these generously spaced rooms into the luxury of a balcony that bestows a breath-taking view of the Shivalik Hills. Overlooking the pool-deck, the premium rooms feature every essential amenity that accompanies a plush stay. Furthering on the deluxe facilities like LCD TV, mini bar, internet access, coffee maker, and electronic safe, you get to treat yourself with the soothing strokes of nature. The 44 square meters room delivers an accommodation in CHANDIGARH which is high on style. Enjoy the luxury of a desk if one of those creative writing skills spell seizes you when you respite in the lap of luxury. Nibble on a chocolate or sip a coke from the fridge as you delight in the visual feast endowed by the Shivalik hills during the day or the city lights at night. 3) PREMIUM WITH ACCESS TO POOL [pic] [pic] Relish your solitude with a private pool. Lounge by it after cool dips and enjoy the picturesque Shivaliks. The luxury room with access to a plunge pool displays intricate decor and superlative amenities that allow you to indulge in lavishness. Reinvigorate your senses utilizing the superior attributes that characterize the rooms like the pool or a mini-bar. It is not just about finding yourself; it is also about treating yourself with a break that you have always wanted from your hectic schedule. The 6 stylish premium rooms with access to a plunge pool come with a generous space of 44 square meters. Avail all the glamour you would like to have when you pay without questions. Interior decorations that are appealing even to the finickiest of guests make the rooms a crowning glory for the hotel. When you stay in these rooms, you spoil yourself with indulgence and exclusiveness. One thing the guests of THE APEX CHANDIGARH can be assured of is that the hotel never rests on its laurels but evolves constantly. This unique factor makes it a soaring name among the hotels in CHANDIGARH . Owing to its key position in the busy CHANDIGARH city center, THE APEX CHANDIGARH is hailed as one of the best located accommodations in the urban centre. This splendid hotel is always lauded for imparting lively, innovative and relevant accommodation in CHANDIGARH . 4)POOL SUITE/JUCUZZI SUITE : [pic] Tastefully designed for the romantically disposed, the pool suites delight you with their idyllic and tender ambiance. Measuring around 60 square meters, the rooms offer you an exclusivity that you dearly want. Get ready to spoil yourself in the classically inspired decors of the suites that are bestowed with the elite of attributes that include a swimming pool too. [pic] ool suites seduce you right from the moment you step into them with their fresh and contemporary interiors. You secure the finest terms of luxury in here that can bless you with a plunge pool and Jacuzzi within the room along with a LCD TV, mini-bar, internet access, tea / coffee maker, iPod dock and an electronic safe . The glorious opulence of the suites is taken to a sublime level with these first-rate amenities that are inevitable for a hearty stay. The finest aspect of your choosing a pool suite rests with the Jacuzzi and the pool. Enjoy the refreshing treat of a Jacuzzi in the splendor of a glinting bathroom or delight in the lavishness offered by a swimming pool, all for you. ) PRESIDENTIAL SUITE: [pic] We know the exact things you are looking for while choosing a presidential room. Designed a cut above your grandest expectations, the suites offer you unmatched comforts and conveniences. A private deck to enjoy the sun, a lounge to entertain your guests, a Jacuzzi to reinvigorate yourself, a treadmill to stay in shape and a splendid view of the hills and city-lights; THE APEX CHANDIGARH ’s presidential suites are impeccable epitomes of rooms that can envelop you with fulfilling luxury. Sumptuous luxury and comforts await you at these chic rooms that showcase ornate furniture, grand d rapery, rich silks and soporifically colored walls. The extravagance of a private terrace allows you to bask in the sun beholding a picturesque panorama of the beautiful Shivalik hills. Lighten yourself chit-chatting with your guests in the spacious lounge. [pic] FACILITIES: [pic] Avail it all when you are with THE APEX CHANDIGARH . The tiniest of your travel needs are taken care of by us. Repose in the lounge or get rejuvenated by a spa or a swim. Do not miss out on your fitness regimen while travelling; work out to your wish in the fully-equipped gymnasium or trot along the jogging path in vicinity. Secure the most attentive and personalized care if you are a person with special needs. Remain qualm-free about your laundry and baggage just as you are carefree about everything else. BUSINESS SUPPORT: [pic] Audio-visual equipment. Business center. Board room/meeting room. Wireless internet access in public area. [pic] COMFORT AND CONVENIENCE: [pic] Baggage storage. Concierge desk. Travel desk. Laundry service. Lounge (operating shortly) Facilities for people with special needs. Safety and security arrangements. FITNESS AND RECREATION: [pic] Swimming pool. Spa. Well equipped gym. Jogging path in vicinity. [pic] FOOD AND BEVERAGE: Sumptuously Western, the Serenade [pic] The best of lip-smacking continental cuisines awaits you at the serenade. We promise a life-time culinary experience that allows you to savor everything nouvelle to haute of the Western platter. Enjoy Al-fresco dining in the beautiful pool deck of the bistro that offers all- day dining to the connoisseurs of food. To satisfy the foodies in our guests is the primary motive of this elegant hotel. Along with the far-fetched experience of dining in CHANDIGARH , you will also get an opportunity to delve into a Coffee Shop and have the best of your times with hot beverages that have mesmerized the world. This captivating cafeteria is situated at Level 4 with a capacity to accommodate 48 people under a charming ceiling and 24 on the deck in particular. You cannot escape the temptation of bagging a stay at the THE APEX CHANDIGARH , for the Serenade is not only about western dining but also is a delighting in sumptuous Indian Cuisines. If you are in CHANDIGARH , this is the place you should look forward for the perfect outdoor dining paired with chaise lounge, gorgeous crockery, perfect sectional seating area or a beautiful place for a cozy chit chat. The Serenade offers you a wide spectrum of luscious and savory flavors to tempt your palate. Come to The THE APEX CHANDIGARH , have the involvement with divine cuisines and make merry! [pic] SAVOR PAN-ASIAN CUISINES AND BREWS, THE APEX ASIA â€Å"The only way to get rid of temptation is to yield to it†. Give away yourself to the sumptuous treats offered here through countless Pan-Asian delicacies, uplifting spirits and mouth-watering gelatos. In Bella Asia, you can resist everything but temptation. [pic] If you are one of those fun-loving souls who look for a bar in CHANDIGARH , you choose the perfect place for sheer entertainment at the Briobar newly named as Bella Asia. Cater to your enthusiasm for a 360 degree view of thriving nightlife of CHANDIGARH . You can find the flawless night club atmosphere at this place and get familiar with the supreme fun of nightlife and clubs in CHANDIGARH . It offers you appetizing food and drinks in a wide range that enables you to be on highest of your spirits. You cannot do away with the fascination of varied palates offered here along with the life-time experience of the rocking nightlife. While you are here in CHANDIGARH , don’t miss a chance to gift yourself an experience that you always deserved. Stay at the THE APEX CHANDIGARH and spoil yourself with the matchless pleasure of dining in CHANDIGARH FLORENCE AND SIENA (banquet and meeting) The Banquet facility includes two Halls (Florence and Siena) with a capacity of 350 persons for cocktails / receptions, or 200 persons in theatre style seating. The pre-function area opens to a beautiful outdoor terrace that adds to the charm of the event. [pic] Front office: The front office is the nerve center of a hotel property. Communication and accounting are two of the most important operations in the front office desk operations . Effective communications with guests, employees and other departments of the hotel-are paramount in projecting a hospitality image, answering guest inquiries about the hotel services and other guests, marketing and sales departments requests for information on guest room availability , housekeeping department inquiries concerning guest reservations are but a few of the routine tasks performed almost constantly by a hotel front desk in its role in communications hub. Accounting procedures involving charges to registered and non-registered hotel guests accounts are also very important in the hospitality field. Itemized charges are necessary to show the breakdown of charges if a guest questions a bill. [pic] [pic] House keeping: The housekeeping department in the hotel is responsible for the cleanliness, maintenance and aesthetic upkeep of the entire property from the entrance area to the farthest basement of the hotel. The prosperity of the hotel is on giving it continues patronage not only because of this attractive advertisements and expensive decor . It is the care shown in locking after the smallest detail of cleanliness, promptness of service and cheerful staff that remains as a memory of a fine hotel and which ensures its flourishing business. Food And Beverage: Food and beverage control is a must in every catering establishment, which wants to run it in a very organized manner. Food and Beverage control helps regulate the cost, pilferage etc. Without it the revenue of the establishment cannot be kept in check. The cost of food and beverage in a commercial sector is usually within the range of 40% of the total operating cost. The food and beverage controls all the functioning through food cost control and portion control. The FB department is divided into FB Production and FB Service. [pic] F B PRODUCTION ORGANISATIONAL CHART [pic] [pic] F B SERVICE ORGANISATIONAL CHART [pic] [pic] Kitchen stewarding: This department is there to deal with upkeep of the cleanliness of all the back areas: the stewarding takes care of all service areas of the hotel. Service areas where guests interference is absolutely nil and these areas are used only by the hotel stuff . The main work done by the department is wiping the floors of all service areas , washing cutlery and crockery of all the restaurants , electroplating the silverware, etc. Hr Department: Personnel management is a general term that means the total function of recruitment, selection, development and utilization of the employees, executives as well as rank and file workers. It is a part of general management which is concerned with the people at work. This department assists within the acquisition, development and retention of human resources necessary for the organization. Training Department: Training department is also a part of the Personnel department only. The personnel department has a separate training manager for the training department or sometimes the personnel management himself is the training manager. In this department the students from different catering institutes, graduates, trainees, and management trainees are given training in the hotels in its various departments. [pic] [pic] [pic] Purchase, Receiving And Stores: Purchase department is the responsible for the entire purchase of the hotel. Accounts and finance: This department keeps track of all the money transactions of all the hotel. The uniform system of accounting is followed in the respect to the hotel income. The accounts and finance department do analyzing all the accounting activities that are planning, budgeting. It is also responsible for preparing financial reports with regard to income and expenditure. Engineering Maintenance: The members of engineering department perform their jobs almost entirely behind the scenes. This department is of great importance to both the operation and the profits of the hotel. Power and lighting expenses are a major cost of operation and maintenance problems could produce serious revenue losses if guests are neglected. This department takes care of the repairs and the maintenance work to be done in all the areas. Different activities undertaken by this department are: 1) Electrical lighting system 2) Plumbing system 3) Heating and ventilation 4) General building maintenance and repair 5) Maintenance of exterior grounds 6) Fire fighting (initial stages) [pic] Security: The security department, through, not related to the hotel in its functional aspects, is very important for the image of the hotel. When a guest is staying in a hotel there are possibilities of theft, murder, vandalism or any other unwanted happenings. The management is responsible for the security of the guests and their belongings till the time he has checked out of the hotel. IT Department: M. I. S refers to that information which is given to the managers for them to be able to smoothly run a hotel. This process of MIS is divided into- Collecting data Identifying important information Presenting the information. The processed information is given to the managers executive, there are several reports, which are standardized as requested especially office reports their proposals for the use of operational areas in the hotel. SALES AND PR MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS: This department deals with the selling of rooms, banquets, FB outlets. There are different teams that go to different corporate offices. Also there are different segments that are targeted. There is corporate sales team, travel agents sales team, banquet sales team. The PR MARKETING Communication department is responsible for the handling of events that happens in the hotel and the advertisements of the hotel. [pic] REPORTS IN VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS: FRONT OFFICE: The daily room occupancy room status reports the number of rooms sold on the previous day. It also gives today ‘check-in’ ‘check-out’ details. Market segment analysis- analysis of occupancy customer segmentation (F. O sales marketing). Guest ledger outstanding – dues from stay on guest who hasn’t yet paid, on expense of prescribed amount (F. O. M) Daily weekly reports daily weekly renewal of actual income against budget for all areas of the hotel. Arrival departure register. Room shifting register. Left luggage receipt book. Log book. Flash report-details of income occupancy. HOUSE KEEPING: Linen exchange registers. [pic] Attendance registers. Flower indent sheet. Laundry registers. Daily linen exchange sheet. FOOD BEVERAGE PRODUCTION: Kitchen order ticket. Purchase indents sheets. Monthly F B cost reports. FOOD BEVERAGE SERVICE: Sales summary. Banquet sheets. Banquet outstanding reports. PURCHASE AND STORES: Purchase Order. General order. Special order. [pic] ACCOUNTS FINANCES: Credit cards business report- details of credit turnover. Foreign exchange earnings. Expenditure tax report. Cash flow statement. Room sales cash discrepancies. Cashier summary sheet. [pic] ISSUES CHALLENGES FOR HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY ) Shortage of skilled employees: one of the greatest challenges plaguing the hospitality industry is the unavailability of quality workforce in different skill levels. 2) Retaining quality workforce: retention of the workforce through training and development in the hotel industry is a problem and attrition levels are too high. One of the reasons for this is unattractive wage packages. Though there is a boom in the service sector, most of the hotel management graduates are joining other sectors like retail and aviation. 3) Intense competition and image of India: the industry is witnessing heightened competition with the arrival of new players, new products and new systems. The competition from neighboring countries and negative perceptions about India tourism product constrains the growth of tourism. The image of India as a country overrun by poverty, political instability, safety concerns and diseases also harms the tourism industry. 4) Customer expectations: As India is emerging as a destination on the global travel map, expectations of customers are rising, the companies have to focus on customer loyalty and repeat purchases. 5) Human Recourse development: some of the services required in the tourism industry in the tourism and hotel industries are highly personalized. And no amount of automation can substitute for personal service providers. India is focusing more on white collar jobs than blue collar jobs. The shortage of blue collar employees will pose various threats to the industry. [pic] RECOMMENDATIONS: Recommendations to THE APEX CHANDIGARH : ) Tie-ups with institutions: Industry should constitute necessary tie-up arrangement for their required best human resources with one or two nearby hospitality institutions. 2) Continuous training: There is a need of continuous tr aining to all categories of employees in the organization. when they have a tie-up with institutes , the institutes will offer in –house training to different category of employees from time to time to update their skills. 3) Sponsoring: It is the duty of the industry to sponsor some amount /equipment to the institute for their betterment . if possible the sponsor a chair for continuous funding and research for that institute. 4) Research: Every institute must spend some amount for the research which is essential for further development and understand the present situation. The industry should involve in the researchers by providing timely information and data which is ultimately useful for them only. [pic] ANALYSIS AND RESULTS OF THE CASE: During the process of framing the advertising policies we came across certain drawbacks in the method of sale promotion and advertising. those critical points are as follows: ANALYSIS: 1) The company was unable to create an impression in the mind of target customers due to lack of planning in implementation of proper advertising methods. 2) The hotel was not interested in putting a large amount on electronic media and print media for advertisements. RESULTS: ) The advertising methods were improved and investment was made open heartedly by the company to increase sales and create a brand image. 2) The company got good tourism response. 3) It came into neck to neck competition with it s worthy opponents. [pic] Conclusion: Hotel industry is a phenomenon growing and developing with a boom and has become a major industry. This is one of the virtues of being the guest fortune earner and an employment intensive industry. It is estimated that 60-70% of money spent by the tourists goes on boarding and lodging on an average. The hotel industry is undergoing tremendous change with respect to management, service; marketing etc. the management is becoming totally professional with innovative thinking in administration of hotel functions. This project has been prepared , after a training of three months at THE APEX CHANDIGARH , CHANDIGARH . the project includes profiles of the hotels and looks into details of various departments. the project’s objective is to understand all the operational expenses of the hotel. the understanding has only been achieved after training in each department. the front office department ,which is the nerve center of the hotel, is the first point of guest conversation with the hotel. it deals with the functions like reservation , checkin /checkout,cashier service, etc. The housekeeping dept. helps in cleaning and maintenance of all the public and guest areas. the F B dept. as been divided into service and production. The service dept. takes care of banquets, room service and the restaurants . this is one of the major revenue generating departments of the hotel. the production dept. controls the kitchen and supplies food to the guest as well as to the staff. The sales and marketing dep t. that are the main source of getting the corporate bookings and penetrating into the market. The marketing communication dept. is responsible for the advertisements that is the overall image of the hotel as what information has to go out and how is it to be represented. Other than four major departments of the hotel, there are mainly ancillary dept. n the hotel, which coordinates with each other for the smooth functioning of the hotel. They all have major roles to be played in everyday life of the hotel operations. thus on the whole it can be said that project has covered all the major and functional points of the hotel. An overall study for operation of all departments of Hotel THE APEX (2013) Submitted to Punjab Technical University As partial fulfillment of the Bachelors in Airlines, Tourism, Hospitality Session 2010-2013 FO MANAGER ASST. FO MANAGER MANAMMMMANAGER RES. MANAGER GUEST RELATION MANAGER ASST MANAGER RESERVATIONNN DUTY MANAGER BUSINESS CENTER MANAGER HEAD CONCIERGE CONCIERGE BUSINESS CENTER EXE. GUEST RELATION EXE. RESERVATIONEXE. FO EXECUTIVE AIRPORT REPS. FO SUPERVISOR BELL CAPTAIN SHIFT INCHARGE SECRETARY RESERVATION ASST. F O A BELL BOYS DRIVERS TRAINEES TRAINEE APPRENTICE TRAINEE CHAIRMAN MR. GURPREET SINGH M. D MR. INDERPREET SINGH V. P MR. JASKIRAT SINGH NAGRA HR MR. DIVJOT SINGH FO MANAGER MR. NAVEEN KANVAR F B MANAGER MR. MANINDER SINGH ASST. FB MANAGER MR. AMIT EXECUTIVE H. K MS. SAGUN EXECUTIVE CHEF MR. MANOHAR FINANCE MANAGER MR. MANISH MEHTA PURCHASE MANAGER MR. MOHAN CHIEF ENGINEER MR. GURPREET SINGH CHIEF SECURITY MR. DEVENDER SINGH IT MANAGER MR. RAHUL SHARMA FACILITY MANAGER MR. PRATEEK TOMAR ACCOUNTS MANAGER MR. HARISH

Mentors role free essay sample

The alm of this assignment Is to critically analyse the learning environment and to discuss the mentors role In supporting learners during their clinical placement, acknowledging mentors accountability throughout the whole process. Mentorship is a very complex, Integral role which has been described by Kinnell and Hughes (2010) as a process of transferring knowledge, skills and attitudes from mentors to students, facilitating learning In order to ensure their fitness for practice. Clutterbuck (2006) considered mentors role as a learning provider and role model, as well as a hallenging, critical friend, from network building and resourcefulness to listening and helping students to find out what they want to achieve. In 2008, The Nursing and Midwifery Council published Standards to support learning and assessment in practice. The document highlights the Importance of sharing knowledge and expertise with others, identifying the key responsibilities of a mentor: establishing effective working relationships, assessment and accountability, leadership, creating an appropriate learning environment In the context of evidence based practice, facilitate learning and evaluating it. We will write a custom essay sample on Mentors role or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Successful learning is associated with creating a positive and supportive learning environment and is regarded as essential in transferring learning for students (Henderson et al, 2006). Mentors should ensure that learning environments are learner centred. Ali and Panther (2008) noted that, the clinical learning experience is an integral and invaluable resource in developing nursing students and the quality of the clinical placements has a fundamental Influence upon the learning process. The level of support and guidance that students receive from suitably qualified practitioners, able to assess their competence, is the ey to successful practice learning. Price (2004) suggests that the learning environment needs to be continually monitored by clinical staff and audited In order to maintain quality and to provide appropriate support for learners. An effective placement for students Is perceived according to their own personal goals and aspirations. The context of practice for this review is a Respiratory Centre, which is very well resourced clinical area with highly experienced members of staff who deliver care for patients with acute or chronic respiratory conditions. The Centre ncompasses the Outpatients Department, Procedures suite, Physiology Department and a Day Ward. The staff have specialised knowledge and skills, being able to perform a variety of investigative procedures and a multitude of therapies guided by the National services Framework for Respiratory Health and wellbeing (2009). The Matrons and Senior Sisters display very good leadership skills (Gopee 2008), creating and preserving a learning environment, motivating and encouraging the members of staff to reach their full potential by ensuring various continuing professional learning programmes are available for staff. The Respiratory Centre is committed to supporting students achieve the desired level to promote maximum confidence and experience In safely delivering effective and efficient evidence based patient care services despite the high demands to the Centre and the staff as acknowledged by Clark et al (2003). In order to promote learning, the teacher needs to develop t Ofs genulne, non-tnreatenlng relatlonsnlp, Dasea on mutual trust ana respect witn student (Hand 2006). The mentor-student relationship needs to remain at a professional level, rather than personal, as it can interfere in mentors assessment nd should not be allowed. Wallace (2003) considered a good mentor encourages the students to ask questions and clarify queries. One of the most useful communication skills in mentoring is active listening (Bayley et al 2004). Being approachable, patient and having a good sense of humour are essential attributes for a mentor, as identified by Ali and Panther (2008). Students orientation in a new clinical area is the gateway to a successful placement and establishing effective working relationship with the student (Beskin 2009). The orientation includes introducing the student to he team and culture, giving them a tour of the area, essential information as fire and emergency procedures, security issues, policies and procedures. Making a student to feel welcomed and accepted as part of the team should be a mentors first priority (Hilton and Pollard 2005). Students, especially if they are on their first clinical placement, can find a specialised learning environment intimidating and overwhelming at times. For some students, the realisation that they have to acquire basic knowledge on specialised wards makes them feel frustrated, lowers their self- esteem and interferes with their learning. By developing an effective learning contract, considering students previous experience, their needs and expectations, the mentor can avoid this problem and keep the student motivated and focused on aspects of practice that are appropriate to their stage of learning. Introduction of learning contracts has showed a significant improvement in students performance (Lemieux 2001). Learning contracts are used for the learners evidence of achievement, as required by the University (Hyatt et al 2008). They are considered to be an effective tool for developing mentor-student relationship while encouraging tudents autonomy (Quinn Hughes 2007). It is very important to encourage the student to become self-directed in the development of their needs whilst using their mentor as learning resource (Morton-Cooper and Palmer 2000). During their placement in the Respiratory Centre students have the opportunity to work within the Multidisciplinary Team, enabling them to observe and practice a holistic approach to patient care which enhances their knowledge and skills. It has been suggested that short placements and visits to other ward areas maximizes the learning experience and enables students to gain a variety and skills and pportunities (Hand 2006). The nursing team in the Respiratory Centre have created a Student Guideline Handbook which enables them to adhere to policies and procedures followed by the team. The Handbook introduces them to the basic knowledge needs, a variety of learning opportunities, the importance of the inter- professional learning team and students responsibilities; all these should encourage them to follow a gradual progression of learning from simple to complex task building. Siviter (2004) discussed the high expectancy for student to absorb considerable amount of information during their course as a foundation for later ractice, before the student actually understands why it is important. It saves the nursing student time spent searching for sources and information and points the students towards sources of academic support. One of the negative influential factors upon students learning is the busy nature of the clinical environment. Mentors snou10 acknowledge It ana deal wltn tne proDlems assoclatea In order to prevent student alienation and loss of motivation. Clinical experience shows that students can also learn by observing evidence based practice and through direct interaction with patients. Having the appropriate support and supervision encourages them to play a part alongside their mentors. Making time for students can be challenging due to the workload and dual responsibilities of mentors for patient care and student mentoring. This affects the mentor-student relationship and results in compromising learning (Bennet 2003). Walsh (2010) suggested that mentors have to be creative, finding the opportunity for frequent short interactions with the student and dedicate time to teaching them; this helps the student to feel supported. Staff shortages, the number of students and various other ward challenges can result n a stressful environment. When the situation arises, it can have a negative impact upon staff morale and affects the standard of the care delivered and students experience (Moseley Davies 2008). The environment is most conducive to learning when all members of staff are motivated and team spirit is present. Learners that have the opportunity to practice in this type of environment are likely to attain more educational achievements. Hand (2006) discussed the importance of mentors awareness of different learning theories and styles. By conducting an initial meeting ith the learner, the mentor can identify their learning needs and styles. Learning has been defined as changes in knowledge, skills and attitudes (Curzon 2004). Using different strategies when teaching and learning is related to the facilitators preference and their experience. There are more than 50 theories of learning but Atherton (2009) discussed the broad theories of learning: behaviourism, cognitivism, humanism and constructivism. Atherton also talks about learning styles, utilising Kolbs experiential learning cycle (Kolb 1984) to include: the pragmatist-active xperimentation, activist-concrete experience, reflector-reflective observation and theorist-abstract conceptualisation. The mentor should ensure that the learner proceeds around the cycle in a way that is suitable for their learning style. Skinners Behaviourist Theory (1974) talks about learning by association, considering learning environments fundamental to learning. Maslows Humanistic theory (1968) provides a holistic approach to learning by empowering the learner and teacher as a facilitator. Bruners Cognitive Theory (1966) describes how learners use mental activities for better understanding of their learning materials. Mentors are role models and the quality of learning depends on the quality of the role model. In 2010, Walsh stated that successful learning depends on the characteristics of the mentor and the learner, the subject to be learnt and the external environment. He has also explored the toxic mentor concept, their impact upon students experience and how the experiences can become positive. By encouraging the students to use Prices SWOT analysis- Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats (2004) the mentors can support students to identify their learning needs. That can empower the students, mprove their performance and monitor their progress Brockbank McGill, 2006). Mentors are also required to involve students in interprofessional learning environment and assess their proficiency as discussed by Chesser-Smith in 2005. One of the NMC requirements is that mentors have to assess student nurses during their clinical placements in order to ensure fitness for practice and protect the public (NMC 20080). some 0T tne stu01es (Stuart 2 ana Hyatt et al 2 that, the most frequently used methods of assessment is: observation, questioning, feedback from staff and scrutiny of patients documentation completed by the tudent. Mentors accountability within the assessment process in order to ensure safe practice and their responsibility to fail those students who do not meet the required objectives has been reiterated by NMC(2008). Through early meetings, mentors need to be able to identify the areas where students struggle; these can become focus areas that need developing, especially when the student has a disability problem like dyslexia, so they can avoid potential failings (Duffy 2004 and Woodcock 2009). Mentors are responsible for the formative and summative assessments of their students (ENB and DOH 2001 , pp9). A five-dimensional model of assessment has been found to be a useful assessment tool by Kinnell and Hughes (2010). The tool includes: the rationale for assessment, the components and process of assessment, evaluation and action plan. The evaluation is regarded as a vital part of the mechanism of quality assurance and it is based on feedback, review, discussions and the final implementation of the change. Providing constructive feedback helps students learn from that experience and helps creating a supportive action plan (Price 2005).

Women and the Era of Enlightenment essays

Women and the Era of Enlightenment essays After the chaotic years of the Middle Ages, the Reformation and of the Thirty Years' War, humanity was brightened from the dark by a new era, called Enlightenment, one of the most important stages in the development of modern thought. This cultural, intellectual, philosophical and social movement spread through France, England, Germany, and other regions of Europe, even America, in the 1700s. Enabled by the Scientific Revolution, in the Enlightenment the spheres of education, politics, and religion were now subject to investigation, to bring changes where possible. Knowledge, science and rational thought, such as freedom and universal justice, were the cornerstones of the mentality of the age, while religion and superstition were denied. This age is called, in fact, the Age of Reason, and embrace the notion that humanity could be improved through rational change. The American and French Revolutions were inspired by Enlightenment ideals of freedom and equality. Â ¹ Thanks to the development of those ideas, women started gradually to change their role into society. Before that, from the Renaissance to the eighteenth-century , the representation of women was restrictive and oppressive, and they were expected to be subordinate to men in every way. Their role in society was primarily domestic and they were used only for the benefits of men. Wives should take care of the family and the house, do the cleanings and produce children just to carry on the family name; daughters should help the family thanks to an advantageous marriage. The behavior of women was a sort of indication of the reputation of their families, and for this reason sexuality was a subject related only to marriage. During the Protestant Reformation, the concept of patriarchy put men central in every kind of social structure, and from the middle of the sixteenth, tens of thousands of women were accused of witchcraft, and killed. Over 40,000-60,000 women were executed throug...

Absorption spectroscopy and acetic acid

Absorption spectroscopy and acetic acid The absorbance of light, wavelength 632nm, was measured in an indicator solution at varying pH, and varying concentration, allowing for a Beer-Lambert plot to be constructed. This was then used to measure acetic acid uptake at the surface of deionised water and octan-1-ol coated water, allowing pH, and hence concentration, to be calculated from absorbance of the liquid. Introduction Surfactants are molecules which are able to form a surface across a liquid, and stop the interaction of foreign molecules with the solution without interacting with these molecules first. These are extremely useful since they often contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic aspect, which interact differently to different molecules. Surfactants are used in the manufacture of paper, textiles and construction among others.[1] They are the main ingredient of detergents and they allow non-polar molecules to dissolve in polar molecules, such as oil into water. On the surface of the liquid, the surfactant will inter act slightly differently. It will create a surface of hydrophobic ‘tails’. This will stop polar molecules from entering the liquid, since the liquid will appear to be a poor solution for the polar molecule to interact with. They also increase decrease tension of the liquid.[4] This barrier is expected to stop the acetic acid, used in part 3 of the experiment, interacting with the water solvent. If it does interact, the pH of the solution will lower due to acetic acids presence, and the indicator will show a change in colour. If no acetic acid enters the solution, no change should be observed or measured. Experimental Using de-ionised water, a reference light intensity was recorded. A 250ml solution (1) of 0.005% wt bromocresol green was then prepared, and absorbance was measured. 100ml was removed, and the pH adjusted using 0.1M sodium hydroxide and glacial acetic acid, and absorbance was noted at pH’s between 3-6 at 0.3 increments. 50ml of remaining solution (1) was further diluted to solutions of 0.0025%, 0.00125%, 0.000625% and 0.0003125% concentration. Spectroscopic analysis of these concentrations was made, and a Beer Lambert graph plotted. A solution of unknown concentration was then spectroscopically analysed and it’s approximate concentration determined. This solution was then enclosed in a container with acetic acid, and spectroscopic readings taken every 30 seconds. This was repeated with fresh solution, with the addition of 0.2ml of octan-1-ol to the surface of the cuvette. Results The results for the pH change showed a curve, going from lower pH on the left to high pH on the right. This is a more quantifiable way of showing that as the Bromocresol turned blue at higher pH. This shows absorption toward the end of the spectrum of lower energy, (ie higher wavelength). So as pH increased, the absorbance of Bromocresol at 632nm increased too as it became blue. The next aspect of the experiment was to analyse how concentration affected the absorbance of Bromocresol green. As concentration of bromocresol green was altered, it was possible to draw a Beer-Lambert plot detailing how the absorption of the light changed with concentration of the Bromocresol Green. As would be expected, there is a straight line relationship between Bromocresol concentration and Absorbance except at higher concentrations, where the solution plateaus and becomes non-linear. Excluding this end point it is possible to derive the gradient, and hence the value of ?L. This was determined to be 36600.

Analysis and Importance of Peter Voulkos' Work in Ceramics Research Paper

Analysis and Importance of Peter Voulkos' Work in Ceramics - Research Paper Example This discussion will also include an analysis of some of this artists’ work. Biography Peter Voulkos is a well-known ceramic artist who in the 1960s was honored as the leading ceramic artist in California. He is acknowledged for raising ceramics to a higher rank of pensiveness and articulation of a person’s ideas. Peter Voulkos was born by his Greek immigrant parents in the year 1924. He went to school in Montana State University, where he studied painting and ceramics. He also won himself a masters of fine arts degree in California College of the Arts. Production of dinnerware was the first activity he undertook in his ceramics career. He later pioneered a department of art ceramics in Otis College of Art and Design and University of California, Berkeley. In the latter university, he worked until the year 1985 from 1959. His work was influenced by abstract expressionism whereby they renovated traditional ceramics to large scale and non-traditional ceramics (Carasso 56) . Peter Voulkos began his ceramics work in his senior year in the year 1949 at Montana State College. Despite being a ceramic artist, Voulkos also used other materials in his sculptures. He used bronze, and in other cases, he painted his works. Some of the pieces of art he made using bronze casting are Missoula and Bucci. In his later years, Voulkos was initiated into the use of wood-fired to make his sculptures. His work is found in quite a number of museums all around the world such as Museum of Modern Art, found in New York, Kyoto National Museum of Modern Art, found in Japan, Victoria and Albert Museum, in London, and The National Gallery, in Melbourne, Australia among other museums. Voulkos normally did his work in the presence of an audience. This was to help the audience, which was inclusive of other artists, to understand the techniques he used in his work. His work many times comprised of a plate, ice buckets, and stacks with wood firings. Normally, this ceramic artist dest royed other smaller pieces of art then made a new one of a larger scale. Peter Voulkos passed on in the year 2002 due to a heart attack after leading a ceramics workshop at a college in Ohio, Bowling Green State University (Carasso 57). Significance of Peter Voulkos ceramic work Peter Voulkos has been of great importance to the field of ceramics. To begin with, he facilitated the movement of abstract expressionism. This as stated above entailed the transformation of traditional ceramics to non-traditional ceramics. He amongst other artists made use of this movement in their artwork. This enhanced the way in which they expressed themselves. Peter Voulkos made the transition easy by elevating the conservative ceramics above the accepted limits. This formed a platform for abstract expressionism. Through this mode of expression, he managed to be the leading sculptor in the 1960s and created an avenue for California to be a centre for moulding using clay. This show the role he played in improving the use of clay in ceramics. It also illustrates his role in the facilitation of abstract expressionism, which faced challenges then, but currently is being used by many artists. Voulkos also loved working with an audience. This is of great importance since it created a channel through which he could educate his students on how he created his pieces. It also created an avenue for other artists to learn relevant techniques that could assist them in their work. As a result of this,

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT-2ND ASSIGNMENT Essay

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT-2ND ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example Given the dynamic nature of work that needed to be done, the organization demands high level knowledge and information from the employees. According to the studies made the company has incorporated training and motivational programs for the employees so that they can meet the demand effectively. Conclusion: Thus from the study we can make out that when the company was in danger of losing its market share, the company started focusing on its human resources, which ultimately enabled the company to get back on the track. The company realized the importance of incorporating such policies in their strategic decision making process. Self Evaluation: The presentation provides the highlights of the major aspects that a transport company might consider while designing their Human Resource policy. These policies are uniquely different than the human resource policies which are generally being adapted in manufacturing concerns. Skills along with values constitute the main plan of the entire process of employee development. The service companies specially should consider employees to be the one of the most critical asset component and they should value them accordingly. It should be remembered that with the level of competition present within the industry, the company cannot afford a very liberal payment structure. As with the amount of scope available, any skilled and experienced employee can shift to any other given organization. This would cause a great harm to the parent company not only in qualitative aspects but also in the profit making process. The services provided by all the airlines are similar in nature, so the main part of difference comes in the way the service is being offered to the passengers. The employees who have adequate knowledge and experience can do just that. But with the lack of proper payment structure, frequent shifting of employees may make the continuous process of value creation difficult. It will also dilute the